Eager Loading: Fixing N+1 Query Problems

The N+1 problem happens when Laravel runs one query for a list, then one query per item. ## Problem example ```php $posts = Post::all(); foreach ($posts as $post) { echo $post->user->name; } ``` This can trigger dozens of queries. ## Solution ```php $posts = Post::with('user')->get(); ``` ## Comparison ```mermaid flowchart TD A[Load Posts] --> B{Eager load?} B -->|No| C[1 + N Queries] B -->|Yes| D[2 Queries] ``` Eager loading is essential for scalable applications. In the next tutorial, we will create reusable query scopes.