API Form Requests: Clean Validation for JSON APIs

For APIs, validation is still required, but you want errors returned as JSON.

    Form Requests keep your API controllers clean.
    
    ## Create request
    
    ```bash
    php artisan make:request StorePostApiRequest
    ```
    
    ## Rules
    
    ```php
    public function rules(): array {
      return [
        'title' => 'required|min:3',
        'body' => 'required|min:10',
      ];
    }
    ```
    
    ## Controller
    
    ```php
    public function store(StorePostApiRequest $request) {
      $post = Post::create($request->validated());
      return response()->json($post, 201);
    }
    ```
    
    ## Flow
    
    ```mermaid
    flowchart LR
      A[Request] --> B[Form Request]
      B --> C{Valid?}
      C -->|Yes| D[Controller]
      C -->|No| E[422 JSON Errors]
    ```
    
    In the next tutorial, we will implement database backups and safe recovery practices.